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pregnancy

Pregnancy

Want to know what it feels like to be pregnant and what symptoms to expect at each stage?

Here you can track your pregnancy week by week and receive information on how big your baby is, baby’s estimated weight and length, and the changes your body goes through at each stage of pregnancy.

We also have tips and advice from gynaecologists, doulas, midwives and other experts on pregnancy nutrition, exercise, risks, how to take care of your body and health while pregnant, solutions to common problems like heartburn, where to buy maternity clothing in South Africa and what to pack in your hospital bag.

Baby Yum Yum - Acne, eczema & stretchmarks everything you need to know about your skin during pregnancyl
PregnancyBeauty & Style

Acne, eczema & stretchmarks: everything you need to know about your skin during pregnancy

by BabyYumYum (Supplied)
written by BabyYumYum (Supplied)

Acne, eczema and stretchmarks: everything you need to know about your skin during pregnancy, to help you navigate these changes with confidence. Your body undergoes incredible transformations during pregnancy, and your skin is no exception. Hormonal shifts can lead to unexpected changes, from pesky acne to stubborn stretchmarks.

Why does my skin break out when I’m pregnant? Will taking a collagen supplement prevent stretch marks? Can I use breastmilk to help heal acne? Are there any skincare ingredients I shouldn’t use while pregnant or breastfeeding?

We asked Dr Zama Tladi, Founder & Chief Aesthetician at Nubian Medical Aesthetics to answer all our questions about skin during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Why does pregnancy cause acne or eczema, or dramatically worsen it in those already affected?

In the case of acne, pregnancy increases the amount of androgens in the body that lead to more oil production in the skin. This oil clogs pores, making the skin susceptible to bacteria, inflammation and acne especially in the first and second trimester. Fortunately, this is temporary. Try to refrain from squeezing or picking spots as this can cause inflammation and scarring.

The physiological changes in a woman’s body during pregnancy lead to weight gain causing the skin to stretch, which can then further exacerbate eczema conditions amongst women who already have eczema. If one had eczema which was subtle or less obvious, it appears like it’s starting, because of these pregnancy changes, but pregnancy will not cause eczema. It is necessary to use a good moisturiser, even a natural coconut oil, to replenish the skin and assist it to stretch with less itchiness.

ALSO READ: Postpartum hair loss getting you down?

How do you treat acne in pregnant or breastfeeding women?

Ingredients such as Azelaic acid, Benzac, and Niacinamide are commonly used to treat acne in pregnant and breastfeeding women, and cleansing the skin twice a day is recommended. Visiting the dietitian to recommend the ideal food to eat and which food to avoid (e.g. dairy, red meat, certain sugars) as the baby still needs to get the right nutrients from the mother’s diet. Sunscreen (non-comedogenic) is also very important during this time.

How do you treat acne in pregnant or breastfeeding women

Can breastmilk be used at home for facials?

Breastmilk has a lot of great nutrients like proteins, essential fat, vitamins, carbohydrates for the baby, however these molecules are too large for penetration into the skin so they will end up clogging skin pores.

What skincare ingredients should you avoid while pregnant or breastfeeding?

To err on the side of safety it’s best to avoid Vitamin A and analogues e.g. Retinol, Retin-A etc, salicylic acid and antibiotics called Tetracyclines.

Topical products such as body lotion are absorbed into our blood to some degree. What products are safe to use while pregnant?

It is best to use organic moisturisers or sunscreens with natural ingredients as they don’t have chemicals that will be absorbed into the skin and potentially be absorbed into the blood, compared to the inorganic sunscreens that contain metallic chemicals such as  Zinc oxide and Titanic oxide.

Can you have microneedling while pregnant or breastfeeding?

Microneedling is not advised while pregnant and especially not for darker skin types. It can cause hyperpigmentation, which is very common during pregnancy as pregnancy hormones stimulate the pigment producing cells to produce more melanin. It is advised to wait until after breastfeeding when these hormones have settled down. Can you have micro-needling while pregnant

ALSO SEE: Foods to eat & avoid if you have acne, oily or blemish-prone skin

Is it ok to get Botox while breastfeeding?

There is currently no evidence documented about the effects of Botox in breastmilk, however it is contraindicated in both pregnancy and breastfeeding due to the fact that it’s injected into the muscle, which contains vessels with blood supply.

Can taking a collagen supplement prevent or repair stretch marks?

Oral collagen won’t have an effect on stretch marks, but collagen induction therapy like microneedling can definitely improve the appearance of stretch marks post pregnancy.

FAQs: Acne, Eczema and Stretchmarks During Pregnancy

Why does pregnancy cause changes to my skin?
Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy can increase oil production, alter skin sensitivity, and stretch the skin as your body grows, leading to acne, eczema or stretchmarks.

What causes acne during pregnancy?
Pregnancy hormones, particularly an increase in progesterone, stimulate oil glands, which can clog pores and lead to acne.

Is pregnancy acne normal, and will it go away?
Yes, pregnancy acne is common and usually subsides after delivery when hormone levels stabilise.

Can I treat pregnancy acne safely?
Yes, but avoid retinoids and salicylic acid. Opt for mild cleansers, oil-free moisturisers, and pregnancy-safe products. Consult your doctor before using any medication.

Why does eczema flare up during pregnancy?
Hormonal changes and increased skin sensitivity can worsen eczema symptoms for some, though others may experience improvement.

How can I manage eczema during pregnancy?
Use gentle, fragrance-free moisturisers, avoid hot showers, and wear breathable fabrics. Speak to your doctor about safe treatments like topical corticosteroids if needed.

What causes stretchmarks during pregnancy?
Stretchmarks occur when the skin stretches rapidly due to weight gain, growing breasts, or your baby bump. Genetics also play a significant role.

Can I prevent stretchmarks?
While they can’t always be prevented, keeping the skin hydrated with creams or oils and maintaining steady weight gain may help reduce their severity. See a way to manage it. 

Are there treatments for stretchmarks?
After pregnancy, treatments like laser therapy, microdermabrasion, or prescription creams may improve the appearance of stretchmarks. Also see CENTAR. 

How can I keep my skin healthy during pregnancy?
Stay hydrated, eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins, and use gentle skincare products that are free from harsh chemicals. Always apply sunscreen to protect your skin.

Are pregnancy skincare products safe for eczema or acne?
Many products are safe, but always check labels for pregnancy-safe ingredients. Avoid retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, and certain essential oils.

When should I see a doctor about skin issues during pregnancy?
If you experience severe acne, eczema that doesn’t respond to home treatments, or any unusual skin conditions, consult your GP or dermatologist for tailored advice.

NEXT READ: How to prevent stretch marks during pregnancy

 

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Baby Yum Yum - What not to say to a pregnant woman or new mom
ParentingBabiesNewborn BabiesPregnancy

What not to say to a pregnant woman or new mom

by BabyYumYum
written by BabyYumYum

Pregnancy and motherhood are life-changing journeys filled with excitement and challenges. While most people mean well, certain comments can be unintentionally hurtful or frustrating. Knowing what not to say to a pregnant woman or new mum is essential for offering thoughtful support.

“You’re breastfeeding your newborn too much” and “Why are you running when you’re pregnant?” are some of the standout irritating things I heard when I was a new mom and pregnant, respectively.

I know people mean well and don’t intend to hurt with their comments or advice, but I believe that some things shouldn’t be said – and should either be left to a doctor (if it’s for more expert advice) or remain a thought bubble, i.e. never spoken out loud. It’s already a challenging, scary, unknown and exciting time without the “advice”, cautionary words, smug guidance and unhelpful anecdotes.

“It’s already a challenging, scary, unknown and exciting time without the ‘advice’, cautionary words, smug guidance and unhelpful anecdotes.”

If I had to write a guidebook on what not to say to a pregnant woman or new moms, here’s what it would look like.

Pregnant moms:

  • You’re so small. Is the baby okay?
  • Are you sure you’re not having twins?
  • You’re going to give birth naturally, right?
  • You really shouldn’t be doing/eating that.
  • I did “x” in my pregnancy, and I think you should do it too.
  • Sleep as much as you can because you won’t be sleeping for years to come!
  • Is this your last baby?
  • Aren’t you worried that you’re too old to have a child?
  • Is all your weight gain healthy? What does your doctor say?
  • Did you plan this pregnancy?
  • It’s going to be very uncomfortable in the summer.
  • All those night feeds in the middle of winter – poor you!
  • Just wait… it gets so much harder from here.
  • Can I feel your stomach?

YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE: One mom’s BRUTALLY honest confession – I love one child more than the other

angry woman: what not to say to a pregnant woman or new mom

New moms

  • Oh, my word – he’s huge!
  • Is it a boy or a girl?
  • All the crying must be so hard for you.
  • He looks like a little alien!
  • When I was a new mother, I used to do x, y and z, and had a much easier time than you are.
  • Shame, you look exhausted.
  • You’re breastfeeding, right?
  • My baby started sleeping through at five weeks.
  • It must be so nice to be on maternity leave and not have to worry about anything.
  • I was back in my normal jeans after two weeks.
  • I’m so relieved I don’t have to go through this phase again.
  • Shame, why is your baby bald?
  • How much weight do you still need to lose?
  • Are you planning for the next one yet?
  • Is your baby in a routine yet?

DON’T MISS: 15 pregnancy realities they don’t tell you about (but you’ll laugh about later)

Also read:

The best life-changing advice for new moms – from other moms
Mom confessions: the ugly truth

FAQ’s on what not to say to a pregnant woman or new mom

What are some common phrases to avoid saying to a pregnant woman?
Avoid comments like “You’re huge!” or “Are you sure it’s not twins?” as these can be insensitive and make her feel self-conscious.

Is it inappropriate to ask a pregnant woman about her due date repeatedly?
Yes, constantly asking about the due date can feel stressful, especially if she is feeling anxious or overdue.

Why should I avoid giving unsolicited parenting advice to a new mum?
Unsolicited advice can feel overwhelming and imply that she’s not doing a good job. It’s best to offer support only if asked.

Is it okay to comment on a new mum’s appearance?
Avoid remarks about her body, such as weight loss or gain. Instead, focus on how well she’s doing or how lovely her baby is.

Why is asking about the baby’s sleep patterns unhelpful?
Questions like “Is the baby sleeping through the night yet?” can add pressure, as many newborns have unpredictable sleep schedules.

Should I avoid asking about a mum’s plans to return to work?
Yes, this can be a sensitive topic. It’s best to let her bring it up if she wants to discuss it.

Is it inappropriate to ask if a mum is breastfeeding?
Yes, this is a personal choice and can be a sensitive topic. It’s better not to ask unless she brings it up herself.

Why should I avoid saying “Enjoy every moment” to a new mum?
Although well-meaning, this phrase can feel dismissive of the challenges she may be facing, especially during difficult times.

What’s wrong with saying “You don’t look tired”?
It can come across as dismissive. Instead, offer support or ask how she’s feeling in a more genuine way.

How can I show support without saying something unhelpful?
Offer practical help, like cooking a meal or babysitting, and simply listen if she wants to talk. A kind gesture often speaks louder than words.

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Baby Yum Yum - Planning a family when is the right time to have a baby
Planning a BabyPregnancy

Planning a family – when is the right time to have a baby?

by BabyYumYum
written by BabyYumYum

Planning a family is one of life’s most exciting and personal journeys. But how do you know when it’s the right time to have a baby? While there’s no universal answer, key factors like financial stability, emotional readiness, and lifestyle considerations play a major role.

In an ideal world, a woman would wait until she’s at the “right” stage for her to have a baby, taking into account factors such as financial, emotional and mental readiness.

However, the reality for women is that fertility starts to decline the older she gets, which means she might not be at the best possible fertility stage when she is ready in all the other ways.

The relationship between age and female fertility is popularly referred to as a woman’s “biological clock”, and when she reaches the age where her fertility drops, it is often the “biological clock is ticking”.

The fertility clinic Medfem explains that all women are born with a finite number of eggs, around one million. At puberty, this number is reduced to around 500 000, and from puberty (around 12) to menopause (around 51), eggs get depleted, and lose their quality.

Some women will experience a significant decline in the quantity of their eggs in their forties, while others may experience this much earlier.

Fertility peaks in most women in their 20s, and gradually begins to decline in the late 20s. At around age 35, fertility starts to decline more rapidly.

As you age and come closer to menopause, your ovaries respond less well to the hormones that are responsible for helping the eggs ovulate.

Research has found that in any given month your chances of getting pregnant at:

  • Age 20 to 35 is about 25%
  • Age 35 to 39 is about 18%
  • Age 40 is about 5%

However, before you consider your fertility, it’s important to consider when you’re ready to have a baby.

How do you know when you’re ready to have a baby?

How do you know when you’re ready to have a babyIt’s normal to feel ready to have a baby but still feel nervous to take that step.

Here are signs though that you’re more ready than not:

  • You and your partner are both on the same page, and want a baby
  • You’re able to financially support a baby
  • You have a support system in place (family or helpers)
  • You’re prepared to make some serious life changes by putting someone else’s needs before your own
  • You’re ready to lose some sleep, and you’re prepared for the unexpected.

Once you know you’re ready, you can stop taking your contraceptives, and enjoy the process!

“Fertility peaks in most women in their 20s, and gradually begins to decline in the late 20s. At around age 35, fertility starts to decline at a much more rapid pace.”

When planning a family, what changes to your lifestyle should you prepare for?

Fertility requires healthy sperm and healthy eggs to increase chances of conception. Medfem recommends a few simple lifestyle changes which you can start making immediately to boost fertility and your chances of getting pregnant.

Eliminate smoking and alcohol

Smoking has major adverse effects on sperm and egg quality, while alcohol also reduces fertility in both partners.

Manage stress

Research has shown that there’s a link between a day-to-day stress and lowered chances of pregnancy. It’s easier said than done, but try your best to manage your stress levels, whether it’s through exercise or finding things to do that make you happy. Chat to a professional if you’re unable to manage your stress alone.

Improve nutrition

A balanced diet can help to boost the chances of falling pregnant and having a healthy baby. Your diet should provide all the vitamins, minerals and amino acids your body needs for optimum health – opt for a mix of fruit, vegetables, grains, lean protein and healthy fats. If you want some guidance, chat to a dietitian who can help.

Fortunately, there are also over-the-counter supplements that can help boost fertility, as they contain certain vitamins, minerals, herbs or other amino acids. Chat to your chemist or doctor for advice on what to take.

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What to Know When Flying While Pregnant
Pregnancy

What to Know When Flying While Pregnant

by BabyYumYum (Supplied)
written by BabyYumYum (Supplied)

Flying while pregnant can be a unique and exciting experience, but it also comes with its own set of challenges. Knowing what to expect and how to prepare can make all the difference. Whether it’s choosing the right time to travel or staying comfortable during the flight, there are important factors to consider. Read on to find out what you need to know when flying with a baby bump, ensuring your journey is as smooth and stress-free as possible.

For all the cute ways to name a pregnancy, like a bun in the oven, a baby-bump, Buddha-belly, mummy-tummy, it’s always good to know you and your baby are receiving special attention.

Here are some top tips to ensure a safe and enjoyable flight:

  1. Place the seat belt below your belly for maximum comfort.
  2. Book or ask to be seated in an aisle seat for easy access to the bathroom facilities.
  3. Walk around the cabin hourly, this helps with circulation.
  4. Stretch and flex your feet and legs in your seat every half an hour.
  5. Drink plenty of fluids.
  6. It is a good idea for all expectant moms to carry emergency contact details of your next of kin, a family member and your doctor. If you are already into your second or third trimester, you may be asked for a prenatal chart.

“You will be known as a guest with your own ‘baby on board’.”

Handy info as you progress in your pregnancy

For both single pregnancies and multiple pregnancies less than 28 weeks:

Some airlines do not require you to fill in any forms provided that your pregnancy has showed no complications to date. If there have been any complications, a medical certificate stating that you are fit to travel by air is required. Please ask your GP or gynaecologist to provide this letter and hand it in to the check-in person on the day you fly.

For both single pregnancies and multiple pregnancies between 28-35 weeks:

A medical certificate stating that you are fit to travel by air will be required. You will need to carry a copy of the medical certificate, on person, during travel.

For single pregnancies from 36 weeks and multiple pregnancies from 32 weeks:

Most airlines do not permit guests who are this far along in their pregnancy to travel. It is dangerous for both you and your soon-to-be-born baby or babies.

As on 4 December 2024, the following pregnancy policy information was available on the airline websites.

FlySafair

Pregnant Passengers

Expectant mothers may travel up to 32 (thirty two) weeks with no medical certificate. From 32 (thirty two) to 35 (thirty five) weeks a doctor’s note is required.

From the start of the 36th (thirty-sixth) week of pregnancy expectant mothers will not be accepted for travel.

We urge all expecting mothers to consult with their physician to determine whether it is safe to travel by air, including with due consideration to the possibility of turbulence, cabin pressurization, a significantly increased risk of deep vein thrombosis associated with pregnancy and lack of ready access to medical care. Women with a history of complications or premature delivery should not fly at all. By travelling with us, pregnant women acknowledge and accept these risks.

Source:  https://content.flysafair.co.za/travel-tools/extras/special-assistance-for-our-passengers#:~:text=Pregnant%20Passengers,not%20be%20accepted%20for%20travel.

South African Airlines

Medical clearance is only necessary if you are experiencing complications with your pregnancy.

  • Travel within South Africa is permitted up to 36 weeks for a routine pregnancy.
  • International travel is permitted up to 35 weeks for a routine pregnancy.

All pregnant women beyond 28 weeks’ gestation must provide a letter from their obstetrician, general practitioner or midwife stating the following:

  • Term of pregnancy
  • Fitness to travel
  • Whether it is a single, multiple or high-risk pregnancy
  • Any possible complications, including hypertension, history of premature labour, etc
  • Infants are allowed to travel from 7 days of age.
  • Major abdominal surgery accepted for flying after 10 days – Special booking process must be followed

Source: https://www.flysaa.com/manage-fly/before-flying/special-assistance

Lift

Expectant mothers may travel up to 32 (thirty-two) weeks with no medical certificate. From 32 (thirty-two) to 35 (thirty-five) weeks, a signed letter by a suitably qualified Gynaecologist or General Medical Practitioner is required.

The signed letter must state the following:

  1. Passengers’ due date and term of pregnancy.
  2. Any possible complications including hypertensive Passengers, history of premature labour, etc.
  3. The letter should also advise the Airline of the latest date up to which the Passenger is expected to be fit to travel.
  4. Whether it is single, multiple, or high-risk pregnancies.

From the start of the 36th (thirty-sixth) week of pregnancy, expectant mothers will not be accepted for travel.

We urge all expecting mothers to consult with their physician to determine whether it is safe to travel by air‚ including with due consideration to the possibility of turbulence‚ cabin pressurization‚ a significantly increased risk of deep vein thrombosis associated with pregnancy and lack of ready access to medical care.

Women with a history of complications or premature delivery should not fly at all. By travelling with us‚ pregnant women acknowledge and accept these risks.

Source: https://support.lift.co.za/support/solutions/articles/66000511335-pregnant-passengers

Cathay Pacific 

Pregnant women

Read our guidelines for travelling while pregnant, to ensure a more safe and comfortable journey.

While it is generally safe to fly while pregnant, we advise all pregnant passengers to consult their treating doctor or midwife before planning a trip. It is recommended that all pregnant passengers carry documentation stating the expected date of delivery whilst travelling.

Acceptance of pregnant passengers

Passengers with uncomplicated pregnancy, who have reached their 28th week, should refer to the table below to understand all the requirements and certificates needed to ensure acceptance onboard our flights.

Passengers with complicated pregnancies, or who experience medical complications during their travels, please read the details on complicated pregnancies further below on this page.

For your safety, Cathay Pacific Airways reserves the right to deny boarding under the following circumstances:

  • if you are not carrying a medical certificate
  • if your medical certificate is outdated or does not contain the information required

Pregnancy details

Pregnancy stage

Medical certificate required*

MEDA form required

Uncomplicated single pregnancy

Before 28th week

No

No

28th – 36th week

Yes 

(Certificate must be dated within 10 days of the initial outbound travel date)

No

After 36th week

(i.e. 35 weeks + 7 days)

Not accepted onboard

Uncomplicated multiple pregnancy

Before 28th week

No

No

28th – 32th week

Yes

(Certificate must be dated within 10 days of the initial outbound travel date)

No

After 32th week

(i.e. 31 weeks + 7 days)

Not accepted onboard

* An English medical certificate is required, stating:

  • whether it is a single or multiple pregnancy
  • the estimated week of pregnancy
  • the expected date of delivery (EDD)
  • that you are in good health and the pregnancy is progressing normally, without complications
  • that you are fit to travel

Acceptance of passengers with complicated pregnancies

For passengers with complicated pregnancies (i.e. pregnancy with any form of complication), acceptance to travel will depend on clinical information stated in the MEDA form and reviewed by our Company Aviation Medical Team on case by case basis – medical clearance from our medical team is required prior to travel. Please ensure you and your treating doctor complete our MEDA form and submit it no later than 48 hours prior to your planned departure.

It is recommended to have health insurance / travel insurance to cover pregnancy-related problems for your travels. You should also check whether the medical facilities at the destination country are adequate to cope with any problems which may arise during your visit and avoid travelling to remote locations whilst pregnant.

If you require medications during your pregnancy, you must have an adequate supply for the journey. Please remember that certain medications, such as some types of malaria prophylaxis and vaccinations, cannot be used during pregnancy. If the destination country requires such prophylaxis, it may be better to postpone the journey until after your pregnancy.

Some countries place limitations on the entry of non-national pregnant women. It is advisable to check with the local consulate to confirm the country specific requirements.

Travel after delivery

Medical clearance is required for passengers travelling within 7 days of their delivery date. Infants cannot travel for 48 hours after birth and need medical clearance to travel between 3 and 7 days after delivery.

You can obtain further information from your obstetrician or midwife, or from the website of the US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Link opens in a new window operated by external parties and may not conform to the same accessibility policies as Cathay Pacific.

Source: 

https://www.cathaypacific.com/cx/en_HK/prepare-trip/help-for-passengers/pregnant-women.html

https://www.qatarairways.com/en/family/expectant-mothers.html

Follow BabyYumYum pregnancy week-by-week calendar guide to understand how big your baby is at each week of gestation (compared to the size of a piece of fruit or vegetable!), how baby is growing and their development week by week, plus symptoms and what’s happening in your body at each stage of pregnancy.

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Baby Yum Yum - sharing your pregnancy journey online could be risky
PregnancyDigital ParentingExperts

Expert Sharing your pregnancy journey online is risky

by Rianette Leibowitz, Cyber Safety & Digital Parenting Thought Leader, Brand South Africa Play Your Part Ambassador and founder of SaveTNet Cyber Safety
written by Rianette Leibowitz, Cyber Safety & Digital Parenting Thought Leader, Brand South Africa Play Your Part Ambassador and founder of SaveTNet Cyber Safety

In today’s digital world, sharing your pregnancy journey online has become a beautiful way to connect with others and celebrate this special time. However, it’s essential to recognise the risks that come with it. From privacy concerns to emotional vulnerability, posting intimate details about your pregnancy could have unforeseen consequences. Written by Rianette Leibowitz, Cyber Safety & Digital Parenting Thought Leader, Brand South Africa Play Your Part Ambassador and founder of SaveTNet Cyber Safety.

As digital citizens, let’s look at some considerations to keep in mind if you are expecting a bundle of joy and eager to use social media.

Congratulations! Other than wedding day photos, sonar images are probably the most treasured photos in any couple’s stack of memories. It is a miracle to be pregnant and to actually see how your baby develops is magnificent.

Of course, you want to share the life-changing news with the world and invite your people to join you on the pregnancy journey. While some parents prefer to keep the information private, others feel it is the perfect opportunity to share moments and milestones via social media platforms.

“It is hard to keep your child’s profile totally secure and protected from people who are looking at it for the wrong reasons.”

There are different viewpoints on this and, of course, as parents, we need to make the best decisions for our children. In this article I’m particularly interested in the best way to manage this for the baby’s sake and not focused on what other people on the platform will think of your images and messages (there are many comments and articles to read with extreme viewpoints). 

This could impact your views quite a bit and I might be bursting some bubbles. Unfortunately, there is a dark side of the web and my mission is to save lives and to empower you to be safer online.

Where is your billboard located?

By placing your unborn child’s photos on social media, you are placing constant updates on a digital billboard – and not one on the highway, which is only seen by a couple of thousand motorists per day and only for the duration of the billboard’s availability.

You are putting these images on an everlasting, digital billboard located on the cyber highway with no limit to the number of viewers who will see the images and who can take screen grabs thereof.

The risk lies in the people who see the images, who now know that you are pregnant and who might use the information for the wrong reasons. Additionally, your child might be unhappy about the fact that these images could become part of his/her digital footprint without their consent.

Your images are sharing more than you think:

Every digital photo we take records the date, the exact location it was taken at (GPS coordinates, if it is enabled) and data about the actual camera settings. This is called Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF), which enables us to share lots of data in the form of a picture or image.

Even though the sonar scanned image was printed by the doctor, you might have taken a photo of that image with your device.

The sonar photo might have your name and other personal information on the image as part of record keeping used by the doctor, so if you share the image it is best to cover or crop it out. 

The risk: If someone really wanted to, they could use images in combination with the other information you share on your profile (favourite restaurants, place of work, etc.) to find you. This is why it is better to not share photos of children in school uniforms.

Social media accounts for the unborn:

The Terms and Conditions of social media platforms state clearly that there is an age restriction for a variety of reasons.

When you create an account on behalf of your child, you become legally liable for that account and all the policies applicable to a particular platform.

The risk: It is hard to keep your child’s profile totally secure and protected from people who are looking at it for the wrong reasons. Ensure that your child is always fully dressed in all the images you do post and that it won’t defame or embarrass them when they apply for university or a job one day. With artificial intelligence, virtual reality and augmented reality we don’t really know what their career landscapes will look like; however, we can make it easier for them by letting them create their own digital footprint.

Do keep the following in mind:

  • Human trafficking.
  • Syndicates who deal in child images.
  • Privacy concerns for your family and ultimately your child.
  • Photos of your newborn baby while still at hospital and the information card people usually include in the photos, which contains private information.

Remember these tips if/when you do decide to post those images:

  • Delete/crop your personal information in the frame of the sonar image.
  • Ensure that no details of the doctor can be seen unless you have written permission to share their details online.
  • Date of birth, the name of the hospital and other details should be kept private and only shared after the amazing event has happened. Obviously, you will share this via other mediums with people you trust who can join you for the momentous occasion.

Thank you for staying with me. You have received advice to inform your future decisions noting that I’m looking out for your baby and I’m so excited about their future! Enjoy the journey and treasure the moments.

ALSO READ: Have you lost control of your digital habits?

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Baby Yum Yum - how to get a good nights sleep while pregnant third trimester discomfort
ExpertsPregnancy

Expert How to get a good night’s sleep while pregnant – despite third trimester discomfort

by Good Night, child and sleep consultancy
written by Good Night, child and sleep consultancy

The third trimester is an exciting time, but it’s also when sleep while pregnant can become elusive. From an ever-growing belly to restless legs and heartburn, getting a good night’s sleep while pregnant feels like a dream. Yet, restful sleep during this stage is not only possible but crucial for your well-being. Let's explore practical and effective ways to tackle third trimester discomfort so you can catch those much-needed Zs.

Sleepless nights are often associated with the newborn baby phase, but the reality is that often a mommy lacks proper sleep even before baby has arrived. Some people laughingly say that the uncomfortable third trimester prepares parents for the lack of sleep that they’ll experience once baby arrives.

What are the reasons for not sleeping during pregnancy and what can be done to help?

Your belly is in the way

It is often very difficult to get comfortable at night when you’re pregnant, especially during the third trimester. Try using pillows to prop underneath your belly and between your legs when you’re sleeping to alleviate some of the pressure caused by the extra weight of your belly. If it does become more than just discomfort, remember to mention this to your doctor at your next check-up.

You need to pee all the time

There is not much you can do about this. However, you can try a few methods to help you fall asleep quicker after going to the bathroom such as not putting on a bright light, and rather have a small torch or use low-wattage motion sensor lights to guide your way. Bright lights can wake you up too much. And stop checking your social media accounts while on the loo!

Too many or late-afternoon naps

There’s not much you can do about this either. If you’re lucky enough to have naps, enjoy them but do try to avoid those early evening naps when you arrive home just after work. Try to keep naps to before 3pm and aim to keep them short (20 min).

Heartburn

Try to avoid eating spicy food later during the day and talk to your doctor or pharmacist about safe medication to use. It’s also important to eat smaller meals more frequently and enjoy moderate movement after meal times (like light walking or doing a few stretches) to aid digestion.

“It’s important to keep to a specific bedtime and include a relaxing bath and uplifting book as part of your bedtime routine.”

You can’t stop worrying

It’s bound to happen, you are having a baby after all! The endless to-do lists, the stress about labour or birth options and plans, as well as the actual role of mother can keep you up at night. It’s important to keep to a specific bedtime and include a relaxing bath and uplifting book as part of your bedtime routine.

Too much caffeine

Try to cut out caffeine completely, as even a small amount can keep your baby up at night. Keep in mind that some foods also have hidden caffeine, such as chocolate.

Endless screen time

Limit the amount of screen time you are exposed to, especially just before bedtime. Screens have what we call blue light and can inhibit the production of melatonin.

ALSO READ: The importance of sleep for parents and how to get it!

Good Night Baby

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5 Ways Your Birth Environment Shapes Your Labour
ChildbirthMembers-OnlyPregnancy

Premium 5 Ways Your Birth Environment Shapes Your Labour

by BabyYumYum
written by BabyYumYum

The space you give birth in can influence far more than you might expect. When looking at ways your birth environment shapes your labour, everything from lighting and noise to privacy and support plays a powerful role in how your body responds. A calm, safe setting can help your hormones flow naturally, encouraging progress and easing tension. On the other hand, stress, bright lights or constant interruptions can slow things down and make labour feel more intense. Creating an environment that feels secure and supportive can completely change how you experience each stage of birth.

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Can You Have a Natural Birth After a C-Section (VBAC)?
ChildbirthMembers-OnlyPregnancy

Premium Can You Have a Natural Birth After a C-Section (VBAC)?

by BabyYumYum
written by BabyYumYum

If you have had a previous C section, you might be wondering whether a different birth experience is even possible next time. Many mothers are now exploring VBAC, also known as vaginal birth after caesarean, as a safe and empowering option in the right circumstances. The decision depends on factors like your previous birth, overall health and the support available during labour. Understanding the benefits, risks and what makes a good candidate can help you feel more confident about your choices. For many women, VBAC offers a chance to experience a more active birth with a potentially smoother recovery.

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Baby Yum Yum - Living with PCOS
PregnancyPlanning a Baby

Living with PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)

by BabyYumYum
written by BabyYumYum

Living with PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) can be a challenging journey, but it doesn't have to define your life. With the right strategies and support, you can manage the symptoms and lead a fulfilling and healthy life. Whether you're newly diagnosed or have been managing PCOS for years, understanding the condition and knowing how to cope with it is essential.

Phillippa Marossi shares her story, as she believes many women struggle with similar issues to hers and she encourages them to keep the faith when trying to fall pregnant.

I was diagnosed with polycystic ovaries a number of years ago and after a year of trying to fall pregnant and numerous rounds of medication to induce ovulation, we were referred to a fertility clinic.

My husband had low sperm motility and had to start medication for high insulin levels. In August 2015, it was discovered that I also had Stage 3 to 4 endometriosis and I was booked for a laparoscopy to remove the endometriosis. While in surgery, the gynae discovered a septum in my uterus which he removed.

The week following the op, I developed a bad bladder infection and went to the gynae for antibiotics. That day, I started vomiting and thought I was having a bad reaction to the medication. I changed antibiotics and continued vomiting. I went back to the gynae to check that there were no post-op complications.

“We claimed this miracle in our lives, as we had been told it would be quite unlikely that I’d fall pregnant naturally.”

He did a scan and a blood test and to our surprise, I was pregnant! Apparently, I had conceived a few days prior to the op and was pregnant during the surgery. My little embryo survived the op and all the medication, and I was 20 weeks pregnant.

We claimed this miracle in our lives, as we had been told it would be quite unlikely that I’d fall pregnant naturally. My husband and I hated it when people told us to “put it out of our mind” and “it will happen”. Ironically, we had done just that. We had decided to leave it until I had had the op and he’d undergone a follow-up sperm test after two months.

I hope my story inspires some hopeful mommies-to-be to keep their faith, as miracles really do happen!

Living with PCOS

Living with PCOS: 12 Frequently Asked Questions

What is PCOS? Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age. It involves irregular menstrual periods, excess androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries.

What are the common symptoms of PCOS? Symptoms include irregular or missed periods, excess hair growth (hirsutism), acne, weight gain, and thinning hair on the scalp. Some women may also experience difficulty getting pregnant.

How is PCOS diagnosed? PCOS is diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical exams, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and ultrasound imaging to check for cysts on the ovaries.

What causes PCOS? The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Insulin resistance and inflammation are also linked to PCOS.

Can PCOS be cured? There is no cure for PCOS, but its symptoms can be managed through lifestyle changes, medication, and other treatments. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent long-term complications.

What lifestyle changes can help manage PCOS? Regular exercise, a balanced diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and managing stress can help manage PCOS symptoms. These changes can also improve insulin resistance and regulate menstrual cycles.

What medications are used to treat PCOS? Common medications include birth control pills to regulate periods, anti-androgens to reduce excess hair growth, and metformin to improve insulin resistance. Fertility treatments may be recommended for women trying to conceive.

How does PCOS affect fertility? PCOS can cause irregular ovulation or anovulation (lack of ovulation), making it difficult for women to conceive. However, with treatment, many women with PCOS can become pregnant.

Are there any natural remedies for PCOS? Some women find relief through supplements like inositol, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D. However, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider before starting any supplements.

Can PCOS lead to other health complications? Yes, women with PCOS have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, sleep apnea, and endometrial cancer. Regular monitoring and a healthy lifestyle can help mitigate these risks.

Is weight management important for women with PCOS? Yes, weight management is crucial as excess weight can exacerbate insulin resistance and other PCOS symptoms. Losing even a small amount of weight can help improve symptoms and overall health.

Can women with PCOS have a normal pregnancy? Yes, with proper management and treatment, many women with PCOS can have a normal, healthy pregnancy. It is essential to work closely with a healthcare provider to monitor and manage any potential complications.

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Multiple Sclerosis and pregnancy
Pregnancy

Multiple Sclerosis and pregnancy

by Tshepy Matloga-Malope, seasoned media and communications specialist
written by Tshepy Matloga-Malope, seasoned media and communications specialist

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, disrupting the flow of information within the brain and between the brain and body. For women with MS, the prospect of pregnancy can be both exciting and daunting. By Tshepy Matloga-Malope

While there are unique challenges, many women with MS successfully navigate pregnancy and childbirth into experiencing the joys of motherhood. How can you This article can you manage this condition and ensure a healthy pregnancy.

What is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?

MS is characterised by the immune system attacking the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibres, leading to disconnected communication pathways between the brain and the rest of the body. Symptoms vary widely but can include fatigue, difficulty walking, numbness or tingling, muscle weakness, and problems with coordination and balance. The course of the disease is unpredictable, with periods of remission and relapse.

MS and fertility

One of the first concerns for women with MS contemplating pregnancy is fertility. Research indicates that MS does not directly impact fertility rates. Women with MS have the same likelihood of conceiving as those without the condition. However, some symptoms of MS, such as fatigue and depression, may indirectly affect sexual activity and libido, potentially influencing conception efforts.

Check out: Myths about miscarriages

Consultation with healthcare providers

Non Helena Smit, the director at Multiple Sclerosis South Africa (MSSA) advises, “Before attempting to conceive, individuals with MS should discuss their plans with their healthcare team, including neurologists and obstetricians. They can provide guidance on managing MS symptoms during pregnancy and adjusting medications if necessary.” This collaborative approach ensures that women receive personalized advice and care tailored to their specific needs and circumstances

What to expect during pregnancy

Disease activity

“Women with MS may experience changes in disease activity during pregnancy,” said Smit. “Some women have fewer relapses, particularly during the second and third trimesters, due to the natural immunosuppressive state of pregnancy, which reduces the likelihood of autoimmune attacks. However, the postpartum period often sees an increased risk of relapse, necessitating careful monitoring and management.”

Medication management

Managing MS symptoms during pregnancy requires a collaborative approach between neurologists, obstetricians, and other healthcare providers. Smit emphasizes, “Certain MS medications may need to be adjusted or discontinued during pregnancy, as they may pose risks to the developing foetus.

Healthcare providers can help determine the safest course of action and monitor the individual’s condition closely throughout pregnancy.” This can be challenging, as some women may experience a resurgence of symptoms without their regular medication regimen. Non-pharmacological approaches, such as physical therapy, acupuncture, and dietary modifications, may also be beneficial in managing symptoms.

Pregnancy planning

Smit says, “Planning pregnancy during periods of remission may reduce the risk of relapses during pregnancy. It is essential to ensure that MS is well-managed before conception.” By stabilising the condition prior to pregnancy, women can reduce the likelihood of disease activity during this crucial time. A well-thought-out plan, in consultation with healthcare providers, can make a significant difference in pregnancy outcomes.

Prenatal care and monitoring

Regular prenatal check-ups are important for women with MS. Smit advises, “Regular prenatal check-ups and monitoring are crucial for both the mother’s and baby’s health. Healthcare providers will monitor MS symptoms, assess medication safety, and address any complications that may arise during pregnancy.” These appointments allow healthcare providers to monitor the health of both the mother and the baby closely. Given the increased risk of complications, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) and blood clots, frequent monitoring ensures that any issues are promptly addressed.

Also visit: What is secondary fertility?

Specialised care

Women with MS may benefit from specialised care during pregnancy. High-risk obstetricians, who are experienced in managing pregnancies complicated by chronic illnesses, can provide tailored care plans. Additionally, consultations with neurologists are essential to adjust treatment plans as needed.

Birth delivery method

The choice of delivery method—vaginal birth versus caesarean section (C-section)—is often a concern for pregnant women with MS. Most women with MS can safely have a vaginal delivery. However, if MS symptoms such as muscle weakness or fatigue significantly impact labour, a C-section may be recommended. The decision should be made in collaboration with healthcare providers, considering the mother’s overall health and MS status.

Pain management

Pain management during labour is another important consideration. Epidural anaesthesia is safe for women with MS and can provide effective pain relief. However, it is essential to discuss anaesthesia options with healthcare providers well in advance of delivery to develop an appropriate plan.

Postpartum considerations

Risk of relapse

The postpartum period is associated with an increased risk of MS relapse, particularly within the first three to six months after childbirth. Non Helena Smit advises, “MS symptoms may fluctuate in the postpartum period, and healthcare providers can provide guidance on managing symptoms while caring for a newborn. It is essential to have a plan in place to manage potential relapses. This may include resuming disease-modifying therapies that were paused during pregnancy. Breastfeeding can pose additional considerations, as some MS medications may not be safe for nursing infants.”

Breastfeeding

Many women with MS can breastfeed successfully. Breastfeeding has numerous benefits for both the mother and the baby, including bonding and providing essential nutrients. However, some disease-modifying therapies may need to be avoided or adjusted during breastfeeding. Women with MS should discuss their breastfeeding plans with their healthcare providers to ensure the safety and well-being of both mother and child.

Emotional and psychological support

Pregnancy and motherhood can be emotionally challenging, and this is particularly true for women with MS. The physical and psychological demands of managing a chronic illness alongside pregnancy can be overwhelming. Access to emotional and psychological support is crucial. Support groups, counselling, and therapy can provide valuable resources for coping with the unique challenges faced by pregnant women with MS.

Family planning

For women with MS considering future pregnancies, family planning is an important aspect of care. Discussing family planning goals with healthcare providers can help in developing a comprehensive plan that considers the timing of pregnancies, potential risks, and strategies for managing MS during future pregnancies.

Smit concludes: “Overall, with proper medical management and support, many women with MS can have successful pregnancies and healthy babies. Open communication with healthcare providers and careful planning are key to ensuring the best possible outcomes for both mother and child.”

Collaboration with healthcare providers, pro-active symptom management, and access to emotional and psychological support are key components in navigating this journey. As research continues to advance, the outlook for women with MS who wish to become mothers remain positive, offering hope and possibilities for the future.

Also read: Managing MS

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