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Cancer is a big topic, and it affects millions of people worldwide. It encompasses various types and forms that can strike anyone at any age, making it imperative to increase awareness and understanding about this disease. By exploring BabyYumYum’s comprehensive articles on various cancers like these and more, individuals gain valuable knowledge that aids them in recognising the importance of regular check-ups and adopting preventive measures against such diseases.

breast cancer is one of the most common cancers for South African women of all races
Your HealthHealth & Wellness

Stay a-breast of your health with 5 authentic stories

by Antonella Dési, Lifestyle Expert and Writer April 6, 2024
written by Antonella Dési, Lifestyle Expert and Writer

Stories about breast cancer should not be concealed whispers, but rather boldly proclaimed tales that aim to uplift and educate society. We talk to five brave breast cancer warriors who shed light and insight on their battle and their journey. By Antonella Dési

According to the National Cancer Registry (NCR) in South Africa, breast cancer is one of the most common cancers for South African women of all races, with a lifetime risk of approximately 1 in 27. I talked with five extraordinary individuals who have dealt with breast cancer.

They generously shared their personal narratives, shedding light on the challenges and misconceptions they encountered along the way, while also highlighting the sources of hope they discovered on this difficult  journey. I think it’s important to note that it was not easy to find black women to talk to me as I learned that unfortunately there is still a stigma in black communities around breast cancer.

Catherine Ditshane Letlopo (57) 

Catherine was first diagnosed with breast cancer in 2021 after she went for a mammogram on noticing a bloody discharge from her nipple. Her diagnosis came back positive a month later, and she was successfully treated with surgery and chemotherapy at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital (Bara).

“Dealing with the professionals in the Bara Oncology Department was a wonderful experience – they were kind, professional, knowledgeable, and an incredible support for me,” she says. Unfortunately, this year Catherine’s cancer returned more aggressively, and has progressed to the lung and brain, and so she remains in treatment.

She notes that one of the most difficult things for her to deal with was losing both of her breasts: “Before my diagnosis, I had beautiful big boobs, and I enjoyed wearing clothes that showed them off. Now, I often feel sad when I look in the mirror. I have had to get a whole new wardrobe and completely change the way I dress. I use the prostheses at times, which really helps my self-esteem.”

Catherine notes that as a person who was used to doing things herself, losing some of her independence was difficult: “If you are lucky enough to have a good support structure, then it is important to learn how to lean on them without feeling guilty. You need to learn how to put yourself first.”

She says that finding a support group made an enormously positive impact on her mental wellbeing: “Reach for Recovery really lifted my spirits when I needed it most – being with people who really understand what you are going through is so very helpful.”

Kerryn Lawson (53) 

Mother of two teens, Kerryn was first diagnosed with breast cancer at the age of 50 when she went for her annual mammogram. “The doctor told me that it was breast cancer on the same day that we went into lockdown. The diagnosis really scared me, and the thought of being admitted into a hospital during the pandemic also freaked me out. As it turned out however, spending the time on my own in the hospital was really cathartic – I was happy for the silence and the fact that I could just focus on myself,” she says.

Luckily, Kerryn’s cancer had not spread and seven days after the initial diagnosis, she underwent a lumpectomy, radiation therapy for 28 days, and she was put into medical menopause.

Kerryn notes that early detection is key: “I was very lucky that I have gone for an annual mammogram since the age of 40, and due to this, I was diagnosed early and treatment was fairly straightforward.”

She explains that her diagnosis did change her: “I eat healthier, I try not to sweat the small stuff anymore, and I think I’ve evolved into a kinder person. These days, I take it easy, and keep things calm and slow. One thing that this journey really taught me is that life is short, and that there is no better time than now to start doing what you love. It gave me the courage to do something that I have wanted to do for a very long time – open my own business, which I have done – the Boho Beach Co.”

Lorna Kwint (43) 

“About a year ago, I felt a lump in my left breast and swelling in my lymph nodes. I thought it was just a cold, but when it didn’t clear up, I went for a mammogram, only to be told that I had stage 3 breast cancer. I felt intense shock on initially hearing my diagnosis, but then I made a conscious decision to get on with it and move forward positively.”

She notes that she was fortunate to be able to receive treatment from some incredible specialists: “Two weeks after my initial diagnosis, I started chemo and immunotherapy. I supplemented my treatment with essential oils, which helped my liver cope, and alleviated some of the side effects. Being a mom of two young children was also a great motivator to fight and get better.”

One of the things that surprised Lorna the most was the outpouring of support that her and her family received from places where it was least expected: “The parents at my kids’ school, Jan Celliers Afrikaanse Laerskool, was truly unbelievable – prepared meals were delivered to our home by parents almost daily, the school secretaries knitted me beanies, and I received check-ins all the time to see how we were coping. I was also very grateful that my sister flew out from Ireland for an extended stay to help out.”

Lorna offers some pearls of advice that she learned along the way: “Break the journey up into the smallest steps possible, and take one step at a time to avoid feeling completely overwhelmed and full of angst. Everybody is going to give you advice – take what serves you and let go of the rest. Remember, you can’t do it alone – success is a team effort – so take the help, say thanks, and have gratitude. And lastly, a positive outlook can make a big difference!”

ALSO VISIT: 3 steps for breast health

breast cancer is one of the most common cancers for South African women of all races

Sonja Kenny (51)

 In August 2020, Sonya felt a sharp pain and lump in her left breast. She initially thought that she had sprained a breast muscle, but went to the clinic to have it checked out. She was sent to the Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe Hospital in Kimberley for a mammogram and sonar, and after a biopsy, it was confirmed that she had breast cancer.

Sonja opted for a bi-lateral mastectomy, and underwent chemotherapy. Today, she is happy to announce that she is healthy and in remission, and feeling on top of the world.

Sonja says she is full of gratitude: “I am most grateful for the hospital’s Oncology Department – I can’t fault the medical professionals who I dealt with, they were absolutely brilliant. I am also really grateful for my family and friends who stood by me through this ordeal. I have four adult sons, and knowing that I had to be strong for them helped me move forward with fortitude. I am lucky to have a husband who was also an incredible support.”

Since her recovery, Sonja has become the Northern Cape Chairperson for Reach for Recovery, which has brought her much joy: “We are involved in outreach and visiting breast cancer patients. We talk to patients and offer advice, information and exercises that can help them. Many of the patients we deal with are illiterate, so our service of offering explanations and practical advice is very well received. We also run a programme that gives out subsidised silicone breast prostheses, which is funded via money raised by the Ditto Project.”

She says that this journey has humbled her: “I am no longer as materialistic as I used to be – I appreciate everything I have and everybody I have around me. At the end of the day, you can have truckloads of money, but if you don’t have your health, you don’t have anything.”

Lisa Temkin-Todes (46) 

It was mid-December 2020, when most businesses were getting ready to close down for the festive season, when Lisa first felt the lump in her breast. “I panicked and wanted to get it checked out as soon as possible – but finding somewhere that was still open at that time of the year was not easy. After spending hours phoning around, I found the Pink Ribbon Centre, which managed to squeeze me in before they closed for the year. Once they had completed the mammogram and sonar, they were sure that it was a tumour and did a biopsy immediately. I got the positive results a few days later, just before Christmas. It was really scary news to hear…”

Lisa is emotional when talking about her journey with breast cancer: “It’s a rollercoaster. When you start the journey it’s a matter of putting yourself in somebody else’s care, trusting the process, and taking it day by day. However, the trauma of it all only really hits you much later. Therapy has really helped me deal with it all, but it is important to find a therapist who actually understands the process. I think going through breast cancer is much like having children – you can’t possibly understand what it feels like unless you have been through it yourself, or it has impacted your life on a personal level somehow.”

She explains that chemo is brutal, and especially difficult if you have children: “You want to be strong for them, but you can’t even do the simplest things, like making their lunch or reading to them, because of the intense nausea and body aches. Which is why having a support network around you is pivotal. Jewish support group, DL Link, were incredible – they sent through meals, treats, and food for specific Jewish celebrations. My friends made a meal roster, and arranged to drop off a dish every day for five days after every chemo treatment. And my family offered so much emotional and practical support that really got me through the toughest times.”

This journey has made a lasting impact on Lisa’s life: “I have learned about the importance of self-love, living in the moment, and not taking your health for granted. Regular check-ups are essential, as early detection is vital. There has been so much scientific headway made in the field of breast cancer over the past five years, that with early detection, it no longer needs to be a death sentence.”

Also read: Busting breast health myths

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Princess of Wales, Catherine, stomach cancer
Health & WellnessIn The NewsYour Health

Royal shock: Kate’s cancer news

by Ally Cohen, Content Creator and Digital Marketer March 26, 2024
written by Ally Cohen, Content Creator and Digital Marketer

Understanding cancer requires delving into its intricate biology and the various factors contributing to its development. This disease can manifest in various forms across different parts of the body, each presenting its own set of challenges and considerations.

Navigating the complexity of cancer: insights into general cancer diagnosis

Here, we explore the general aspects of cancer diagnosis and the broader implications it holds for individuals and their families.

The path to diagnosis

The journey to a cancer diagnosis often begins with the identification of symptoms or abnormalities that prompt further investigation. These may include unexplained weight loss, persistent fatigue, changes in bowel or bladder habits, or the presence of lumps or growths. Upon noticing such signs, individuals are encouraged to seek prompt medical attention for evaluation and diagnosis.

Diagnostic procedures

Diagnostic procedures play a crucial role in confirming or ruling out the presence of cancer. These may include:

  • Imaging Tests: Techniques such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, and PET scans allow healthcare professionals to visualize internal structures and identify any abnormalities.
  • Biopsy: This procedure involves the removal of a small sample of tissue or cells for examination under a microscope. Biopsies help determine whether cancerous cells are present and provide valuable information about the type and stage of cancer.
  • Blood Tests: Certain blood tests, such as tumor marker tests, measure specific substances in the blood that may indicate the presence of cancer.

Types of cancer and treatment options

Cancer can affect virtually any part of the body, giving rise to numerous types and subtypes. Common types of cancer include breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and skin cancer, among others. Each type may require a tailored approach to treatment, which may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these modalities.

Impact on patients and families

A cancer diagnosis can have profound emotional, psychological, and financial implications for patients and their families. Coping with the diagnosis, undergoing treatment, and managing side effects can be incredibly challenging. Additionally, the uncertainty surrounding prognosis and the fear of recurrence may contribute to feelings of anxiety and distress. It’s essential for patients to have a strong support network of healthcare professionals, family members, and friends to navigate this difficult journey.

The importance of early detection and prevention

Early detection plays a crucial role in improving cancer outcomes and increasing the likelihood of successful treatment. Regular screenings, self-examinations, and lifestyle modifications can help detect cancer at an early stage when treatment is most effective. Additionally, adopting healthy habits such as maintaining a balanced diet, staying physically active, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, and practicing sun safety can reduce the risk of developing cancer.

Kate Middleton cancer diagnosis: how the princess is one of the growing number of young people getting cancer

The timeline of Princess Kate’s diagnosis

Background & diagnosis

Princess Kate underwent a significant abdominal surgery in January, initially believed to be unrelated to cancer. However, subsequent tests revealed the presence of cancer, though the specific type and stage remain undisclosed. She has since commenced preventive chemotherapy to address the condition.

Emotional impact 

The period following Princess Kate’s diagnosis has undoubtedly been challenging for her and her family. Coping with such news requires immense strength and resilience. However, amidst the difficulties, she maintains a positive outlook and focuses on her healing journey, demonstrating her unwavering determination. She also expressed encouragement for other people currently battling cancer, reminding them that they are not alone.

Treatment & prognosis

Princess Kate’s medical team recommended a course of preventive chemotherapy to inhibit cancer cell growth. Chemotherapy involves the administration of medications to target and destroy rapidly dividing cancer cells. The duration and intensity of her treatment will depend on her response and medical advice.

Raising awareness & early detection

Princess Kate’s diagnosis has served as a catalyst for raising awareness about cancer, emphasising the importance of early detection and regular health check-ups. By sharing her journey, she encourages others, especially young mothers, to prioritise their health and seek medical attention promptly.

Advocating well-being

As Princess Kate navigates her cancer treatment, her experience underscores the significance of advocating for health and well-being. By openly discussing her diagnosis and treatment, she helps break down stigmas surrounding illness and fosters a supportive environment for those facing similar challenges.

Community support & solidarity

The outpouring of support from the public following Princess Kate’s diagnosis highlights the importance of community in times of adversity. By coming together to offer encouragement and assistance, we can make a meaningful difference in the lives of those affected by illness.

In conclusion, cancer is a complex condition that can affect people of all ages and walks of life, including royals. By being vulnerable and openly sharing her story, The Princess inspires hope and resilience in the face of adversity.

Also read What you need to know about 2 of the rarest breast cancers

 

Sources:  What we know about the Princess of Wales’s cancer diagnosis. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/mar/22/princess-of-wales-cancer-unspecified-what-we-know-kate-middleton. (2) Kate Middleton’s Abdominal Surgery To Cancer Diagnosis: Full Recap. https://www.ndtv.com/feature/kate-middletons-abdominal-surgery-to-cancer-diagnosis-full-recap-5295436. (3) Kate Middleton cancer diagnosis: Princess of Wales’ statement in full …. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/kate-middleton-cancer-statement-full-b2517234.html. (4) Kate Middleton Undergoing Cancer Treatment, She Says – TODAY. https://www.today.com/health/kate-middleton-cancer-rcna144691. (5) Princess Kate having preventative chemotherapy after cancer discovered …. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-03-23/kate-middleton-diagnosed-with-cancer-princess-of-wales/103623428

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Visual representation of gut health, featuring a stylized and abstract interpretation of the digestive system, with vibrant colors and swirling patterns symbolizing the harmony and balance within the gut microbiota, evoking a sense of vitality and well-being. colorectal cancer
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Unfortunately colon cancer has a stigma attached to it and for this reason, many people may wait longer to get diagnosed. But the earlier it’s treated, the greater the chance of recovery. Tshepy Matloga-Malope gives us the facts.

What is colon cancer?

Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the large intestine (colon) or the rectum. Although it is often associated with men, it can affect women too. According to CANSA, colorectal or colon cancer is among the top three cancers for both men and women in South Africa, with 1 in 77 males and 1 in 132 females diagnosed, according to the National Cancer Register (2019).

It’s the second most common cancer in men (following prostate cancer) and the third most common cancer in women (following breast and cervical cancer).

An estimated 6,927 new cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed in South Africa in 2018, which was about 6.5% of all cancers. More men (7.3% of all cancers) than women (5.7% of all cancers) were diagnosed with colorectal cancer in this same year.

Causes of colon cancer

The exact cause of colon cancer is not clearly understood, but several factors can increase the risk of developing this condition. “These risk factors can include a family history of colon cancer, inherited genetic mutations, a personal history of polyps or inflammatory bowel disease, a diet high in red and processed meats, a lack of fibre in the diet, obesity, smoking, heavy alcohol use, and a sedentary lifestyle.

Additionally, age, with the risk increasing after the age of 50, is a significant factor in the development of colon cancer,” says  Dr. Melvin Mbao, a renowned gastroenterologist at Gastroenterology Rustenburg. However, there is evidence of many younger individuals being diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

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Symptoms to look out for:

Colon cancer symptoms can vary, but they often include:

  • a persistent change in bowel habits, such as diarrhoea or constipation, blood in the stool
  • abdominal discomfort or digestive pain
  • unexplained weight loss, weakness or fatigue
  • a feeling that the bowel doesn’t empty completely.

It’s essential to note that these symptoms can also be caused by conditions other than colon cancer. But, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional if you experience any of these symptoms, especially if they persist for more than a few days or worsen over time.

It is also important to note that since colorectal cancer in its early stages shows no symptoms, especially in younger people, it may be misdiagnosed. For this reason, it’s often diagnosed late at a more advanced stage or when it has spread to other parts of the body.

Read: Ovarian cancer- the silent killer

How is colon cancer treated?

Treatment for colon cancer typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depending on the stage of the cancer. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical examination, imaging, and colonoscopy.

A tissue sample is collected from the large colon by means of the insertion of a flexible tube into the large colon, called a colonoscopy. This can establish a diagnosis. Surgery is often the primary treatment and involves the removal of the cancerous portion of the colon or rectum. In some cases, a colostomy may be necessary, where the remaining part of the colon is attached to an opening in the abdominal wall for the elimination of body waste. This can result in the patient having to use a “colostomy bag” temporarily or permanently.

Chemotherapy uses drugs to destroy cancer cells and can be administered orally or intravenously. Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams to kill cancer cells and is often used before surgery to shrink the tumour or after surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells.

“Treatment depends on the stage of the disease. Early disease is amenable to cure, so surgery is an option to remove the tumour. More advanced disease requires other treatment options, such as chemotherapy,” says Dr. Mbao.

Illustration showcasing the importance of gut health, with a focus on the gut-brain connection, featuring a vibrant and dynamic visualization of neurotransmitters and signaling pathways, conveying the impact of a healthy gut on overall well-being and mental health

Prevention is better than cure!

Early detection through regular screenings are essential in the prevention and management of this condition. Given the prevalence of colon cancer, it’s important to seek medical advice for any concerning symptoms or risk factors.

Dr. Mbao also insists on the importance of a healthy lifestyle, which includes physical exercise and a healthy balanced diet with fresh fruit, vegetables, lean protein, good fats, minimal alcohol and less processed meals.

Also read: The truth about testicular cancer

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Let’s delve into the causes, symptoms and treatment options available for this potentially life-threatening condition?

Testicular cancer is a disease where one of the many kinds of testicular cells multiply uncontrollably forming mass in one or both testis. This cancer is rare compared to other types of cancers.

Testicular cancer is most frequently diagnosed in males between 14 and 44. Although its incidence is increasing, testicular cancer affects less than 10 men in 100,000, with a 2% risk of developing cancer in other testis within 15 years of the initial diagnosis. Dr. Marinka Hoek, a urologist at The Urology Hospital in Pretoria (the only specialist Urology hospital in Africa), provides us with expert insight.

Causes of testicular cancer

While the exact cause of testicular cancer remains unknown, certain risk factors have been identified. Dr. Hoek explains, “Undescended testicles, where the testicles fail to descend into the scrotum during foetal development, are a significant risk factor (this can be corrected through surgery before the baby is 18 months). Other risk factors include cancer in other testes and a family history of testicular cancer. You must be a first-degree relative, i.e., a father or brother.”

Symptoms of testicular cancer

Recognising the symptoms of testicular cancer is crucial for early detection. Dr. Hoek says although symptoms can vary, common symptoms to watch out for include “a lump in the testis that  can be felt that was not there before. Although this is painless, about 1/3 of patients do complain of a dull ache in the affected area.”

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Treatment of testicular cancer

Surgery is typically the first step. “Radical orchidectomy, or the removal of the affected testis through an incision in the groin, is usually the first step,” says Dr. Hoek. In certain instances, a urologist might elect to biopsy the testis before removing it. But this is usually done in a theatre with the pathologist in attendance.

Other treatments include chemotherapy and radiation, as well as the surgical removal of lymph glands that contain cancer. Often times, a combination of all the above-mentioned treatments is used at different stages of the disease.

Following surgery, regular follow-up of blood levels of tumour markers, various types of scans to monitor response to treatment and diagnose recurrence of the cancer, and regular self-examination are the mainstays of follow-up.

Dr. Hoek also emphasises the importance of a generally healthy lifestyle with regular exercise, as this improves your body’s ability to maintain health and withstand side effects that will stem from the treatments.

Potential long-term side effects

As chemotherapy forms an integral part of treatment, there are long-term side effects, but these would depend on the specific drug used. One of the long-term side effects most patients are worried about is that testicular cancer treatment can involve the removal of one or both testis, as well as chemotherapy and radiation, which can reduce fertility.

Testicular Cancer Symptoms, Diagnosis & TreatmentBecause of this, most urologists will recommend cryopreservation of semen before the start of the treatment to give patients the option of conceiving once they have recovered. “Cancer elimination and treatment are the most important goals.

The cancer itself destroys sperm production and causes infertility even without treatment; therefore, instead of gambling whether there might be or might not be future fertility, we save the sperm beforehand,” says Dr. Hoek.

Early detection is crucial

Recognising the symptoms and exploring the available treatments for testicular cancer are crucial for facilitating early detection and successful treatment. With the support of medical professionals and ongoing surveillance, the prognosis for testicular cancer patients can be greatly improved. “Early detection is key to successfully treating testicular cancer. Regular self-exams and routine check-ups with a urologist can greatly improve the chances of catching the disease in its early stages.”

There are several ongoing trials that are looking into chemotherapy for the treatment of testicular cancer as well as treating recurrences of the cancer. Research is also looking into using artificial intelligence to improve the diagnostic evaluation of lesions.

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The rarest breast cancers may not be well-known, but for the women diagnosed with them, awareness and understanding can make a world of difference. Unlike more common breast cancer types, these rare forms often have vague symptoms and fewer treatment guidelines. That’s why it's so important to shine a light on them. Knowing what to look for can empower earlier detection and better support.

In the lead up to Breast Cancer Awareness month, BYY’s experts are bringing you all the latest info on breast cancer so you can empower yourself. By Dr Justus Apffelstaedt, specialist surgeon with an interest in breast, thyroid, and parathyroid health as well as soft tissue surgical oncology.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recently dubbed cancer a global health pandemic and local breast cancer statistics are testament to that. According to the Cancer Association of South Africa, breast cancer accounts for over 27% of all new cancer cases of women in sub-Saharan Africa[1].

“Breast cancer accounts for over 27% of all new cancer cases of women in sub-Saharan Africa.”

Specialist surgeon and founder of multi-disciplinary breast health centre, Apffelstaedt, Hoosain & Associates, Dr Justus Apffelstaedt says that deaths from breast cancer are often due to late diagnosis among other factors. “Early detection and treatment of breast cancer is crucial with all forms of breast cancers. It is even more important with rare forms of breast cancers that require a certain level of expertise to be detected. For example, Inflammatory Breast Cancer and Paget’s disease of the nipple often escape mammographic and ultrasound detection but are obvious to the skilled and experienced examiner.”

Inflammatory breast cancer is very aggressive disease and usually progresses rapidly in a matter of weeks or months, while Paget’s disease of the nipple is the manifestation of a very slow-growing, indolent breast cancer which can take months and even years to develop.

CLICK 3 steps for breast health

Inflammatory breast cancer

Considered a very rare breast cancer, the earliest descriptions of this type of breast cancer were recorded over 100 years ago. Dr Apffelstaedt says only about 1-2 % of breast cancers diagnosed at his practice are true inflammatory breast cancer. It is often only detectable on mammography late in the course of the disease when the chance for cure is unfortunately minimal.

“If diagnosis and intervention are made earlier, than prognosis is more hopeful.”

Symptoms: An area of redness of the skin of the breast that enlarges in the absence of fever or other signs of infection may be an early sign of inflammatory breast cancer. “This can be a rash that comes and goes, but is localised to the skin on the breast area.

With these subtle clinical signs, it is often mistaken for an intercurrent infection, treated as such and missed; the diagnosis is therefore often delayed for crucial months. However, the clinical picture is very distinctive to an experienced doctor with a special interest in breast health who will recognise it with one glance,” says Dr Apffelstaedt.

A skin biopsy is required to properly diagnose inflammatory breast cancer as mammography and ultrasound are usually not helpful. Dr Apffelstaedt recommends chemotherapy as a start for treatment: “Only when chemotherapy has cleared the signs of inflammation, can surgery be performed as otherwise the risk of recurrence of the cancer in the wound is very high. After surgery, radiotherapy is mandatory to decrease the chance for recurrence of the cancer. Surgery consists invariably of a mastectomy and reconstruction can take place if appropriate,” he explains.

And the prognosis? Unfortunately, if there has been a delay in diagnosis, with the above-mentioned treatment, only about 30 of 100 patients are alive after 5 years with maximal therapy. If diagnosis and intervention are made earlier, than prognosis is more hopeful.

How to do a breast health self-examination

Paget’s disease of the nipple

According to Dr Apffelstaedt, this type of breast cancer causes little to no pain and grows at a very slow pace, which is why the diagnosis is often missed, sometimes even for years. “It so rare that only 1% of breast cancers diagnosed at my practice manifest as Paget’s disease of the nipple,” he says.

Symptoms: A small scab or erosion of the nipple that very slowly enlarges and is present only on one nipple can often be a sign of Paget’s disease of the nipple. There is no redness or other skin discolouration associated with this breast cancer. What you need to know about 2 of the rarest breast cancers

“Again, the clinical picture of Paget’s disease of the nipple is very distinctive and an experienced doctor with a special interest in breast health will recognise it instantly. For diagnosis, a biopsy of the nipple can reveal the cancer in its early stages. While mammography may show signs of an early stage, non-invasive cancer, often it is not helpful,” says Dr Apffelstaedt.

Mastectomy with immediate reconstruction or breast conserving therapy is the mainstay of the treatment for this breast cancer and about 98 out of 100 diagnosed women are alive and well 10 years after the diagnosis.

“An experienced doctor with a special interest in breast health will recognise it instantly.”

“We all know that screening saves lives, but in cases of rare forms of breast cancer, mammography is not enough and a thorough physical examination by a seasoned practitioner with an interest in breast health can be lifesaving as these cancers are easily missed.” concludes Apffelstaedt.

https://cansa.org.za/breast-cancer/
READ I had breast cancer and couldn’t breastfeed
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BabyYumYum FAQs: 2 of the Rarest Breast Cancers Explained

What are the two rarest types of breast cancer discussed?

The two rare forms of breast cancer often highlighted are Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) and Paget’s Disease of the Nipple. Both are uncommon and present differently from the more typical forms of breast cancer.

What is Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC)?

IBC is an aggressive and rare type of breast cancer that causes the breast to become red, swollen, and warm. It doesn’t always form a lump, which can delay diagnosis. It’s often mistaken for an infection initially.

What are the signs of Inflammatory Breast Cancer?

Common signs include:

  • Rapid breast swelling
  • Skin that looks like orange peel
  • Redness and warmth in the breast
  • Flattening or inversion of the nipple

These symptoms usually develop quickly over weeks.

What is Paget’s Disease of the Nipple?

Paget’s Disease affects the skin of the nipple and areola and is usually linked to an underlying breast cancer. It resembles eczema but does not respond to typical topical treatments.

What are the symptoms of Paget’s Disease?

Look out for:

  • Itching, redness or flaking of the nipple skin
  • Yellowish or bloody discharge
  • A lump in the breast (in some cases)
  • Burning or tingling sensations

How are these rare breast cancers diagnosed?

Diagnosis often involves:

  • A physical exam
  • Mammography or ultrasound
  • Biopsy of affected tissue
  • MRI for further evaluation

Due to their unusual presentation, early detection can be more challenging.

Are these cancers treatable?

Yes. Both IBC and Paget’s Disease can be treated, often involving a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and hormone therapy depending on the stage and spread.

How common are these cancers in South Africa?

While there is limited local data due to underreporting and misdiagnosis, both types remain rare worldwide. IBC accounts for 1–5% of all breast cancers, and Paget’s Disease is even less common.

Can men develop these rare breast cancers?

Yes. Although rare in men, Paget’s Disease and IBC can still occur. Any unusual changes in the nipple or breast area in men should be investigated.

When should I see a doctor?

Seek medical advice if you notice rapid changes in your breast, persistent skin irritation, discharge from the nipple, or any unusual lump or swelling. Early medical attention improves outcomes.

Is there support available in South Africa?

Yes. Organisations such as CANSA and PinkDrive offer support, education, and access to screening. Government hospitals and clinics also offer breast health services, including referrals to oncology units.\

 

Disclaimer: This FAQ is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment options.

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Ovarian Cancer all you need to know - Baby Yum Yum
Health & Wellness

Ovarian Cancer: the silent killer

by Siya Mahomba, publicist and content writer May 10, 2023
written by Siya Mahomba, publicist and content writer

It was World Ovarian Cancer Day May 8th. Read on for the lowdown on this potentially fatal disease. By Siya Mahomba

CANSA describes Ovarian Cancer as the most lethal of gynecologic cancers for which there is no reliable screening test–and every person assigned female at birth is at risk. An estimated 1500 South Africans are diagnosed with ovarian cancer every year, according to National Health Laboratory Services.

Often called “The Silent Killer together with Cervical Cancer, the risk is that often the most severe symptoms present only once the disease is in the advanced stages, making it far more difficult to treat. The earlier symptoms can be mistaken for and mimic less serious health issues.

Read more on Cervical Cancer

Local Researchers and experts in the medical field have expressed concern about the rise in of ovarian cancer cases and have called for greater awareness. Gynaecologic oncologist at Tygerberg Hospital in Cape Town, Dr Haleema Addae shares her professional insights below.

What exactly is Ovarian Cancer?

The term ‘Ovarian Cancer’ refers a group of cancers that affect the ovaries, fallopian tube, and the peritoneum, which is the lining of the abdomen.

How is it detected?

Once a patient presents with suspicious symptoms, they will be examined to reach a diagnosis. This includes blood tests and an ultrasound examination to assess the ovaries. A CT scan may be done to determine the spread of the cancer, if any, and to prepare for the surgery.

Are there any forms of self-exam for it?

Unlike breast cancer, there is no self-exam to detect ovarian cancer.

Does it affect women of a certain age?

There are different types of ovarian cancers. They are classified according to the area of the ovary on which they arise. The most common are the epithelial ovarian cancers, which tend to occur in women who are in their 60s and 70s. Younger women who have a genetic predisposition to cancer may develop ovarian cancer in their 40s or 50s. Other kinds of ovarian cancers can occur at different ages.

What are the symptoms to look out for?

The symptoms associated with ovarian cancer are very vague and can be explained away by other benign conditions. Danger signs would be:

  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Feeling full easily even though eating your usual portions of food
  • Feeling a growth in your abdomen, which is sometimes accompanied by abdominal pain

Are there any treatment options available for it?

The cornerstone of treatment is surgery. Prior to surgery tests are done to determine the stage and type of the cancer. The exact type of surgery is determined by the age of the patient and their fertility desires, as well as their physical readiness to undergo surgery.

Some patients are given chemotherapy as a start and then assessed for surgery at a later stage. For patients that are inoperable for whatever reason, chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment.

Can it be prevented? If so, how?

In certain families there is a genetic risk of getting cancer. If you have a family history of breast and ovarian cancer, you should see a genetic counselor to assess for risk of developing cancer. A risk-reducing surgery is available for people who test positive for the cancer gene. This procedure involves the removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes to limit the chances of getting ovarian cancer.

Unfortunately for most women, there isn’t a screening test, or any real preventative measures they can take.

* Note from BYY–living a healthy lifestyle, minimising stress, not smoking or drinking too much and focusing on your wellbeing can be empowering as well as assist your body with fighting potential diseases and keeping your immune system strong.

What challenges does ovarian cancer pose to fertility?

A cancer that attacks the ovaries will most likely lead to removal of the ovaries. The surgery is always dependent on the type of ovarian cancer we are dealing with. For most patients, fertility is not an issue as they are normally past their reproductive age.

For those who are still within their reproductive age, there is option in some cases to remove one ovary to preserve fertility. There are also other fertility options for those who must have both ovaries removed, such as egg-freezing.

Find out more about freezing your eggs

What is the prognosis for ovarian cancer?

The prognosis is dependent on factors such as age, general health status, the kind of ovarian cancer, and the stage at which it was diagnosed and whether the cancer has spread or not. These factors will determine the kind and intention of treatment that can be provided. Sometimes the cancer is treated with curative intentions and other times with palliative intentions.

Palliative intentions mean the disease can’t be cured so the aim it so to limit its progression and manage the patient’s symptoms. Due to the vague symptoms of the disease, most patients present at an advanced stage of the disease and therefore the prognosis is usually not as optimistic as some other types of cancer.

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Breastfeeding and Cancer: What You Need to Know
BabiesBreastfeedingHealth & WellnessYour Health

Breastfeeding and Cancer: What You Need to Know

by BabyYumYum (Supplied) November 2, 2022
written by BabyYumYum (Supplied)

It’s a topic many don’t talk about, but everything you need to know about breastfeeding and cancer is something that matters deeply to many mothers. Whether you’ve been diagnosed during pregnancy, are in remission, or are a survivor navigating feeding options, the questions are real—and so are the emotions. From risks to safety and emotional wellbeing, this guide is here to offer clarity, compassion and support during one of life’s most vulnerable times.

The benefits of breastfeeding for young and pregnant mothers are manifold but not least due to the fact that breastfeeding helps reduce the risk of breast cancer developing later on in life.

Breastfeeding is one of the most effective ways to ensure your baby’s health and survival with the World Health Organisation recommending all babies be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of their life and, once your baby is introduced to solids, your breastfeeding should continue for two years and longer.

Breastmilk is ‘always best’ simply because it contains just the right amount of vitamins, nutrients and antibodies to build your baby’s immunity and protect it from infections and diseases; breastmilk is also gentle on your baby’s developing stomach, intestines and related body systems.

For cancer sufferers and those who have identified that breast cancer runs in your  family, there are risks and precautions associated with breastfeeding that all new moms should know:

Breastfeeding can help prevent cancer

First and most importantly, breastfeeding can help prevent breast cancer, with prolonged breastfeeding recommended to delay the occurrence of breast cancer in at-risk women. Women who breastfeed or pump their breastmilk are also less likely to develop high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes.

ALSO READ: The best jungle juice recipe to boost your milk supply while breastfeeding

Breast cancer in breastfeeding women is rare

Pregnancy associated breast cancer (diagnosed during pregnancy or up to 1 year after delivery) occurs in 1:3000 pregnancies. Breast cancer in lactating women is rare, with only around 3% of women developing breast cancer while breastfeeding.

What are the risk factors?

The predominant risk factors for developing breast cancer are being female and aged over 50 years, with first time childbirth at a late age (30 years and older) also being a risk factor for breast cancer.

ALSO VISIT: 3 steps for breast health

Vital Baby Breast Feeding - BabyYumYum

Breastfeeding is a new skill to be discovered and absorbed, providing mother and infant with a unique language of comfort and love.

While new moms may run into difficulties breastfeeding for the first time, there are essential tools and practical support at hand to help milk supply come down, increase breastmilk supply, protect breasts and nipples from pain and chaffing and breast shields and newborn teats to encourage baby to latch properly, especially if mom’s nipples are inverted.

All mothers should be encouraged to breastfeed and establishing a breastfeeding routine is an important part of the journey, together with breast pumping your milk according to baby’s established feeding schedule to keep your milk flow on track while you adapt to changing home and work life schedules.

How does breastfeeding prevent cancer?

According to midwife and researcher Professor Diana du Plessis, breastfeeding protects women from cancer due to thehormonal changes which take place during pregnancy and breastfeeding which cause a pause in monthly menstruation and the number and duration of ovulations. Consequently, women who breastfeed aren’t exposed to as much estrogenic and other hormones over their lifetime as women who do not breastfeed. This benefit is maximized if women breastfeed their babies for at least one year.

What are the symptoms of breast cancer?

Be alert to any new lump in the breast or armpit or a thickening or swelling of part of the breast. Redness or flaky skin in the nipple area or the breast may appear, or irritation or dimpling of breast skin and a pulling in of the nipple or pain in the nipple area.

Lumps may be a little harder to detect during pregnancy as the breasts swell and enlarge and lumps may only be diagnosed during lactation.

Can I breastfeed if I have cancer?

Should a mother be diagnosed with breast cancer while nursing, most medical professionals will recommend she stops breastfeeding. While you can’t pass cancer to your baby through breastfeeding or breastmilk, many therapies used during breast cancer treatment can be passed on to your baby, including chemotherapies, hormone therapies and anaesthesia administered during surgery.

If you have already had cancer, you may still be able to breastfeed, depending on the type of treatment you received, however you will need to seek your doctor’s advice.

YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE: What are your rights around expressing breast milk in the workplace?

Do’s and don’ts of breastfeeding and cancer

Whether you are able to breastfeed your baby or not, it is important to build a strong emotional bond between you and your new infant.

Do not breastfeed if you have HIV, TB, if you are taking anti-depressants or other prescription medication, if you have had breast surgery or if you are experiencing post-partum depression.

Don’t give up on breastfeeding your new born infant no matter how hard you may find it at first. It is only rare situations that a mother cannot breastfeed due to structural breast issues preventing the production of milk in the mammary glands so you can breastfeed exclusively. Don’t start breastfeeding when you are feeling angry or depressed.

Do not ignore your pain if you are experiencing raw, swollen and sore nipples from breastfeeding. Mother and baby care products, such as a nipple shield, offer protection by creating a soft silicon barrier to help your sore nipples heal, without disrupting your breastfeeding routine. The teat of the shield can help improve latching while your baby still feels relaxed and comforted by your natural scent and bond.

Another reason breastfeeding is linked to cancer risk reduction is because new mothers usually watch their diet while breastfeeding, choosing more nutritious foods and cutting out alcohol and cigarettes for a healthier lifestyle overall.  

To increase your milk supply, increase your intake of chicken, eggs, tofu, and seafood and eat protein-rich foods. Some studies suggest fennel may increase levels of prolactin, the main hormone responsible for stimulating milk production, increasing your milk volume and your infant’s weight gain.

To increase your milk flow, ensure baby is hungry at every feed and is latched well. Offer both breasts at each feeding and empty your breasts at each feeding. Use the Vital Baby NURTURE Flexcone Electric Breast Pump to express your milk at times you are not able to breastfeed your baby to maintain your supply, keeping it stored hygienically in the freezer for future use.

Once you have breastfed your baby for as long as possible and your breastfeeding journey comes to an end, you might find your breasts look and feel empty. Rest assured; they will return to their pre-pregnancy size but may look different for a while as they adjust. Once the fatty part of your breast returns, they will start to appear fuller and plumper once again.

Supplied by Vital Baby

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I had breast cancer & couldn’t breastfeed my babies
ParentingBreastfeedingHealth & Wellness

I had breast cancer & couldn’t breastfeed my babies

by BabyYumYum January 31, 2020
written by BabyYumYum
https://babyyumyum.com/wp-content/uploads/I-had-breast-cancer-couldnt-breastfeed-my-babies.mp3

I had breast cancer & couldn't breastfeed my babies, a challenge that reshaped my journey into motherhood. The emotional weight of not being able to provide that initial nourishment was heavy, but it also pushed me to find new ways to bond with my children. In sharing my story, I hope to connect with others who may be facing similar struggles, showing that while the path may be difficult, it can lead to unexpected strengths and joys. Written by Wendy Meyer.

When I was about 25 weeks pregnant with my twins, I attended an antenatal class. It was an all-day session split into various topics, one of them being breastfeeding. Having battled cancer when I was 28, which resulted in a double mastectomy, I already knew I wasn’t able to give this to my babies. The room of mommies listened carefully, raised their hands to ask a range of questions and ease their fears.

I sat quietly in the corner feeling so guilty that I wasn’t going to be able to offer my babies this. Like I was robbing them of something they desperately needed in order to grow into well-rounded children. After about 45 minutes on the topic, I raised my hand slowly. The nurse pointed at me to ask my question.

“What happens if you cannot breastfeed?”

Her response was that moms of today just give up too easily. We don’t try hard enough because it is draining or painful or might ruin our bodies. We just need to try harder and not accept anything less than giving our babies the best. She then pulled out a banner that listed about 200 health benefits and ingredients in breast milk in one column, and about 10 that were present in the formula column.

I remember my heart sinking, and my eyes welling up with tears. I swallowed the lump in my throat and walked out. It was at that moment I decided that I wasn’t going to give anyone else the power to make me feel bad for the way I raise my children, whether it was by choice or not.

There is a terrible stigma in society that shadows parents who do not breastfeed their children. Of course, breastfeeding has many benefits for mommy and baby, but it is not always feasible. My case is probably less common, but even those who choose to use formula should have the choice to do so without the large “Guilty Parent” label attached to the formula tin.

Parenting is hard enough as is. Postpartum depression, colicky babies, sleep deprivation, hormone changes, and multiples are all real experiences that challenge any mother’s sanity. Sometimes it’s a win just to be able to get more than 40ml down their tiny throat without bursting into tears. On more than one occasion I topped up my coffee with colic drops, because that is what no sleep does to a person’s mind. If I had decided to carry that guilt of not being able to breastfeed my children on top of all that, I don’t think I would have made it out the other side of those first three months.

Yes. I wasn’t able to nourish my babies with my body, but I was able to bond with them in other ways. We embraced things like skin to skin; I sat in the dark with them many nights singing my favourite songs and watching them smile when they heard my voice.

Today, my two-year-old daughter is absolutely obsessed with music and she often sits quietly singing to herself as she zones out. I know it’s because the music was her comfort as an infant, and it still connects us today. Breast milk didn’t need to do that for us.

For those able to breastfeed, I feel nothing but happiness and joy. I have no doubt that it is a beautiful thing to experience. But please mommies, let us not be so quick to judge each other. We just don’t know the battles that other mothers are facing, and we are too quick to make assumptions about the way others choose to raise their own.

For those like me that do not breastfeed and might have attended an antenatal class in guilt like me, I’m here to tell you … my formula-fed children are alive, healthy, active, and just as cheeky as the next breastfed child.

Written by Wendy Meyer, cancer warrior x2 and mother of IVF twins.

ALSO VISIT: 3 steps for breast health

Do you have a story to share with us? Tell us in comments below or email editor@babyyumyum.co.za, and you may just be featured on the BabyYumYum website!

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Facing Cancer Again While 7 Months Pregnant with Twins
Health & WellnessYour Health

Facing Cancer Again While 7 Months Pregnant with Twins

by BabyYumYum October 3, 2019
written by BabyYumYum

Facing Cancer Again While 7 Months Pregnant with Twins tested every ounce of my strength, courage, and hope. The fear of the unknown collided with the joy of expecting two lives I had already dreamed of. Every scan, consultation, and sleepless night became a delicate balancing act between protecting my health and nurturing my twins. Sharing this story is my way of offering hope and connection to anyone navigating life’s toughest challenges while holding onto love and dreams, writes Wendy Meyer, cancer warrior x2 and mother to IVF twins.

Every year, as September comes to a close, I brace myself for a month of being inundated with cancer messaging from every publication, news channel and social gathering. October marks Breast Cancer Awareness Month, and three years ago, I probably wouldn’t have even known that. But in 2016, and again in 2017, my life changed forever after surviving this disease, and now, October is the month of opportunity to educate young women just like me on how to prepare for the worst, and hope for the best.

When I was 27 years old, I felt a lump in my right breast. It was pea-sized, nothing too concerning, but my gut just wouldn’t let it go. After a couple of weeks, I went to see a gynaecologist near my newly purchased home and, as I suspected, he told me I was completely paranoid and should go home. I was “too young” to experience anything sinister such as cancer and, most importantly, it didn’t run in my family. 

Three weeks later, that pea felt like three peas and again, my gut would not let it go. After bringing it up with my boyfriend a couple of times, he suggested I get a second opinion to put my mind at ease, and I agreed. That GP saved my life. He insisted that I go for a mammogram and an ultrasound, regardless of my age, and within a week, I had a biopsy that confirmed my worst fear – I had stage 2 breast cancer.

Whenever I’m asked how I knew I was sick, my answer and best piece of advice is that two opinions are always better than one. Trusting my instincts and seeing another doctor when that feeling didn’t leave the pit of my stomach saved my life. Later on in my journey, another doctor told me I’d never have children because I needed to start chemotherapy immediately, which turned out to be overly dramatic, and had I not sought another oncologist’s advice, I wouldn’t have the incredibly naughty, loving, funny, charming, crazy twins I have today.

“No one wants to think about becoming terribly sick but it is naïve to think it won’t happen to you, because one in every eight women in South Africa will be diagnosed with breast cancer.”

Another lesson for me during my diagnosis, was the importance of understanding insurance cover. The best thing my father ever did for me was insist that I had a gap cover throughout my life. During the two years that I was on and off treatment, there were too many moments where the financial shortfall between medical costs and what my medical scheme would pay out would’ve financially crippled me. But, without question every time, my gap cover would pay the difference and take away the pressure of the medical bills that just kept piling up.

When I had my mastectomy, I was really scared. It was the first time in my life that I felt completely out of control and scared of what this disease had done to me. During all of that, my medical aid rejected my claim because my cancer was only evident in one breast, not both, and therefore the second one would be for cosmetic purposes. But once again, my gap cover came to the rescue, filing a legal case on my behalf and winning, meaning they were forced to refund me and cover all those costs.

To a healthy person, these things sound like more of an administrative annoyance, but to someone who is fighting to stay alive and losing parts of their body, their hair and their fertility, having that kind of support is invaluable.

I also learned about what I wasn’t quite prepared for. At the tender age of 27, none of my life policies included coverage for dread disease – something that would have allowed me a lot more financial freedom during treatment.

When I got the call from my GP telling me my results had come back cancerous, I was sitting in a meeting with my manager and another colleague. Without having to say much, my manager went to my desk, packed up my bags and sent me home. I was so grateful to not have to worry about how or what to say, what would happen to my work, my clients, my deliverables, my responsibilities. And I was extremely fortunate enough to be given the time and space to deal with my disease and heal.

But something you just don’t think about in your twenties, is your employer’s policy around chronic illness, dread diseases or serious injuries. As this hadn’t happened before, we had to figure it out together. My employer was always flexible according to my needs and treatment plan, but our success was based on open and honest communication. Moving forward, I will always be sure to understand these policies from an employer, and to accept that most things can be figured out through candid conversations with the people around you.

The thing that you’re least prepared for when falling sick, is the healing. As humans, we only know fight or flight, and many people suffering from this disease choose to accept their fate and not go through the battle of treatment. Those who decide to take on the fight are very focused on the practical steps of it, usually incredibly focused on a timeline with mini-goals. Every chemo session completed is another milestone to tick off the list. Every radiation session is one step closer to the end – the end of the nightmare, the end of the hospital drives, the end of the pain, the sleepiness, the nausea, the feeling of being in limbo. And you have to be focused on the end. It is the only way through.

But it was only during my second diagnosis that I realised I’d never truly processed my journey. Sixteen months after my final chemotherapy, while seven months pregnant with my twins, my cancer returned, and this time I could not accept it. Looking back, I can see that it was because I’d never really worked through the first experience emotionally. I spent a lot of time being positive, surrounded by people who would call me brave and inspirational and courageous, which masked a lot of what was really going on in my heart. I didn’t feel the way they described me, but I just took each day as it came, not thinking too long or hard about it.

When my oncologist announced my second diagnosis, I realised that this was my reality. I can now understand the importance of taking the time to heal, both emotionally and physically, instead of rushing to get back to some form of normal. Being your normal will never be the same again. And it’s okay to be different and think differently, and even want different things after a trauma like that. But it’s all about gifting yourself with the time and space to heal in all the ways you need to.

No one wants to think about becoming terribly sick but it is naïve to think it won’t happen to you, because one in every eight women in South Africa will be diagnosed with breast cancer. And cancer does not discriminate against age, gender, race, occupation, or smarts. The best you can do is arm yourself with knowledge, trust your instincts, get as many professional opinions as you need, understand your environment and journey, and let yourself work through it with the help of your tribe.

Written by Wendy Meyer, cancer warrior x2 and mother to IVF twins.

ALSO READ: I had breast cancer & couldn’t breastfeed my babies

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Bowen Therapy: Natural Relief for Pain
Experts

Expert Bowen Therapy: Natural Relief for Pain

by Fiona Hardie, founder of bounceback holistic pain and stress management September 12, 2019
written by Fiona Hardie, founder of bounceback holistic pain and stress management

If you're tired of chasing relief from chronic aches and everyday tension, it might be time to explore the benefits of Bowen therapy. This gentle, non-invasive therapy is designed to help the body reset and heal itself—without needles, cracking or harsh pressure. Many people find relief from back pain, headaches, injuries and even stress-related tension. Whether you’re managing an old injury or daily stiffness, the benefits of Bowen therapy are worth exploring.

This month I want to introduce you to an extraordinary therapy that has been around for more than 60 years and has been practised in South Africa for more than 25. Bowen therapy has been steadily gaining ground in the last 15 years as a powerful and effective complementary therapy in this country. Worldwide it is extremely popular and is used by many physiotherapists, chiropractors and other medical professions as an add-on modality for their patients.

Developed by an incredibly gifted Australian body therapist named Tom Bowen – hence the name – Bowen therapy is a non-invasive, gentle technique that can be performed on absolutely anyone. From babies to harassed moms, stressed executives, anxious teenagers, older adults with poor mobility, and serious (and not so serious) athletes, and the injured and ill – this therapy never ceases to astound me or my clients who absolutely swear by its power and efficacy. While Bowen is outstanding for anything and everything, this article is aimed at parents and all topics baby and toddler – and older – related.

What’s behind Bowen therapy?

The main premise behind Bowen is that “function governs structure and structure governs function”. This means that if the body is out of alignment, it cannot function efficiently. Think poor posture and headaches, lower back pain and digestion issues. And, equally so, if the body is not functioning properly, its structure will also suffer. For example, constant pain can cause us to hunch our shoulders, dehydration can cause joint pain, diabetes and cancer can cause neuropathy (nerve weakness or numbness).

Within our bodies exists a powerful tissue known as the fascia. This is the “cling film” that holds our bodies together and runs throughout the body, both deeply and superficially. It surrounds our organs and muscles and allows free movement and glide between these structures as we move around. However, this remarkable tissue has been found to hold our traumas and tensions and this is where Bowen therapy is so effective.

Fascia relies on good hydration and slow stretching moves such as yoga and Pilates. It does not respond to aggressive massage but rather to gentle pressure. And Bowen is all about slow, moderate touch and a less-is-more approach. It basically sets the body into a state of self-healing by stimulating certain receptors and calming the fight or flight system so that our parasympathetic system – the rest and digest part – can take over and once relaxed the body can go about the task of healing itself.

How does Bowen therapy work?

Bowen addresses the posture to see where there is a muscle imbalance or tightness that could be pulling the structure out of kilter. The therapist then performs gentle moves at specific points on the body to release this tension, aiming for symmetry in the structure. While many of the moves seem random, most are performed over acupressure points and all are very specific in where they are made.

A feature of Bowen that sadly is not often explained to patients is the two-minute break – a short pause designed to allow the body to communicate with the brain in order for the appropriate response to take place within the body. This is another aspect that sets this technique apart from all others. The client leaves relaxed, feeling much floatier and more supple, and usually sleeps exceptionally well. In fact, I have had clients fall fast asleep on the massage table and I have had to leave them to nap for about 20 minutes.

“Bowen addresses the posture to see where there is a muscle imbalance or tightness that could be pulling the structure out of kilter.”

One of my more memorable young clients was a little boy of four years old who was brought in for a session. He slept so soundly that mom and I had a cup of tea outside my studio for an hour after as she could not wake him.  At the next session he arrived, blankie in tow, ready and prepared for that “nice long nap” he had last time.

Have you noticed that you, and many other parents, tend to cradle their babies on their left sides despite being right-handed? According to The Lancet, when cradled on the left side of the parent, maternal signals are given to baby’s free left ear and processed in the right brain hemisphere, which is the more advanced hemisphere at this stage of development and is related to receiving and processing of language and tones. Apparently, left-sided cradling facilitates the flow of auditory and visual communication between mom and baby. The Talmud states: “A woman who begins to nurse her son should start on the left side, as the source of all understanding is from the left side.”

Small baby receiving Bowen therapy

With regards to that interesting titbit, I often see mothers in my studio with neck and back pain and every one of them has developed this from standing incorrectly with their little one hoicked onto their left hip or from cradling their baby in their arms particularly favouring one side – usually the left. From a postural perspective, this often leads to stiffness and pain in the lower back, neck and shoulders, as the structure is being pulled out of alignment. Bowen addresses this beautifully, as the asymmetry is corrected by working on the relevant areas. I love to add some Pilates exercises and stretches for my client to practice at home to maintain the newfound symmetry.

Another issue of massive concern to parents is bedwetting. Although this is often the case in children six or seven years and over, they benefit very well from Bowen. Obviously, there are many reasons why a child may wet the bed, and much support and positivity are needed from both the Bowen therapist and the parent.  Remember that Bowen addresses our parasympathetic system – calming the fight or flight system – and this is another reason it is so effective in assisting with bedwetting. The body needs to relax to heal whatever may be going on emotionally, mentally or physically.

Asthma is another area of worry and the Bowen asthma move has proven time and again to be super effective at relaxing the diaphragm so that the child can breathe more easily.  In some cases, the need for an inhaler has been removed as the technique is so powerful. Of course, this is not recommended without the consent of the medical professional involved.

Parenting and pregnancy symptoms Bowen can assist with:

  • mastitis
  • fertility and conception
  • ADD
  • digestive complaints
  • anxiety and stress
  • breastmilk production
  • pelvic pain and other postural niggles stemming from pregnancy
  • oedema and hypertension that may be present
  • morning sickness
  • colic and restlessness
  • colds and sinusitis
  • headaches and migraines

Bowen is a therapy that should be experienced. It is truly non-invasive – the client remains fully clothed during the session – and the overall feeling of well-being that is experienced afterwards brings clients back again and again even when they don’t need fixing.

I would like to end on this quote: “An empty lantern provides no light. Self-care is the fuel that allows your light to shine brightly.”

Also read:
Want to increase your milk supply? Try reflexology
7 Ways to Tackle Postpartum Weight Loss And Regain Your Pre-Baby Body

BabyYumYum FAQ’S: Bowen Therapy: Natural Relief for Pain

What is Bowen therapy?

Bowen therapy is a gentle, non-invasive technique that uses subtle rolling movements over muscles, tendons, and fascia to stimulate the body’s natural healing processes.

What conditions can Bowen therapy help treat?

It is commonly used to support relief from back pain, neck tension, headaches, sports injuries, stress, and musculoskeletal problems. Some also use it for digestive or respiratory issues.

Is Bowen therapy safe for everyone?

Yes, it’s considered safe for all ages – including babies, pregnant women, and the elderly – because it’s low-impact and does not involve forceful manipulation.

How does Bowen therapy differ from massage or chiropractic care?

Unlike massage, Bowen therapy focuses on specific points and uses minimal pressure. It also differs from chiropractic adjustments as it does not involve joint manipulation or cracking.

What does a Bowen therapy session involve?

You’ll typically lie on a massage table (fully clothed), while the therapist makes small, rolling movements across certain muscle groups. Short pauses between moves allow your body to respond and reset.

How many sessions will I need?

Many people feel improvement after just 1–3 sessions, although chronic conditions may require more. Your therapist will assess your individual needs and create a plan.

Is Bowen therapy painful?

No. The movements are light and gentle, and most people find the sessions deeply relaxing. You might feel tingling, warmth, or muscle twitches as your body responds.

Can Bowen therapy be used alongside other treatments?

Yes, it is often used in combination with conventional medical care. However, it’s best to avoid other bodywork (like massage or physio) within a few days of your session to allow Bowen to take effect.

Is Bowen therapy covered by medical aid in South Africa?

Some South African medical aid plans may cover Bowen therapy under complementary or allied health services. It’s advisable to check with your provider and ensure your therapist is registered with a recognised body.

How do I find a qualified Bowen therapist?

Look for practitioners registered with professional organisations such as the Bowen Association of South Africa to ensure proper training and experience.

 

Disclaimer: The information in this FAQ is intended for general educational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any new treatment, especially if you have a chronic or serious medical condition.

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