How to Make Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) at Home

Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is a simple yet lifesaving drink used to treat dehydration caused by diarrhoea, vomiting, excessive sweating, or illness. It works by restoring lost fluids and electrolytes, ensuring the body stays hydrated and functions properly. Whether it’s for a sick child, an adult recovering from illness, or someone suffering from heat exhaustion, knowing how to prepare ORS at home is a skill every household should have.

ORS is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an effective and affordable way to combat dehydration. The best part? You don’t need any fancy ingredients—just water, sugar, and salt. Let’s dive into the details of making ORS at home and using it correctly.

Understanding Dehydration and Its Causes

Before discussing ORS, it’s essential to understand dehydration—the condition it treats. Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in, disrupting the balance of essential electrolytes.

Common Causes of Dehydration

• Diarrhoea and Vomiting – Rapid fluid loss due to infections or food poisoning.
• Heat and Excessive Sweating – Hot weather or intense physical activity can cause dehydration.
• Illness and Fever – High temperatures increase fluid loss through sweating.
• Insufficient Water Intake – Not drinking enough water throughout the day.

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Signs of Dehydration

• Dry mouth and extreme thirst.
• Dark yellow urine or reduced urination.
• Fatigue, dizziness, and confusion.
• Dry skin and sunken eyes.
• In infants, crying without tears and a sunken soft spot on the head.

What is Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS)?

ORS is a precisely balanced mixture of water, glucose (sugar), and salt that helps the body absorb fluids efficiently. It restores the essential electrolytes lost due to dehydration and prevents severe complications.

How ORS Works

The glucose in ORS helps the body absorb sodium, and in turn, water follows sodium into the cells, quickly replenishing lost fluids. This simple combination significantly improves hydration better than plain water.

Ingredients Needed for Homemade ORS

To make ORS at home, all you need are:

• 1 litre of clean, boiled, or filtered water
• 6 level teaspoons of sugar (or one heaped tablespoon)
• ½ level teaspoon of salt

For a smaller quantity, you can mix:

• ½ litre of water
• 3 teaspoons of sugar
• ¼ teaspoon of salt

Step-by-Step Guide to Making ORS at Home

Standard ORS Recipe

1. Take 1 litre of boiled or filtered water and let it cool.
2. Add 6 level teaspoons of sugar and ½ teaspoon of salt.
3. Stir until completely dissolved.
4. Ensure the taste is slightly salty but not too strong.

Alternative ORS Recipes

• Lemon ORS – Add a few drops of lemon juice for flavour.
• Rice Water ORS – Boil rice and use the starchy water as the base.
• Coconut Water ORS – Use coconut water instead of plain water for added minerals.

How to Use ORS Effectively

• Infants (under 1 year): ½ cup (100-200ml) after each bout of diarrhoea.
• Children (1-5 years): 1 cup (200ml) after each episode.
• Older children & adults: As much as they can drink, ideally 2-3 litres a day.

ALSO READ: Vomiting and diarrhoea in children & babies: causes, symptoms and treatment

When to Seek Medical Help

If dehydration is severe, ORS alone may not be enough. Seek medical attention if:

• The person is unable to drink ORS due to vomiting.
• There is blood in the stool.
• Symptoms of dehydration worsen despite ORS intake.
• An infant has stopped urinating for over 6 hours.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Making ORS

• Using too much salt or sugar – Incorrect ratios can be dangerous.
• Using unclean water – Always boil or filter water.
• Not storing ORS properly – It must be discarded after 24 hours.

Storing ORS: Best Practices

• Keep ORS in a clean, covered container.
• Refrigerate if possible but use within 24 hours.
• Always prepare a fresh batch when needed.

Conclusion

Making ORS at home is an easy, cost-effective way to combat dehydration. Whether it’s for diarrhoea, vomiting, heat exhaustion, or illness recovery, ORS provides a scientifically backed method to rehydrate quickly. Every household should know this simple recipe to be prepared for emergencies.

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FAQs

Can I use honey instead of sugar in ORS?

No, honey does not provide the same glucose-sodium balance as sugar and may not be as effective.

How long can I store homemade ORS before it expires?

Homemade ORS should be used within 24 hours and stored in a covered, clean container.

Can I add fruit juice to ORS for better taste?

It’s best to stick to the standard recipe. However, a few drops of lemon can enhance flavour without disrupting effectiveness.

Is ORS safe for diabetics?

Diabetics should consult a doctor before consuming ORS due to its sugar content.

What should I do if a child refuses to drink ORS?

Try giving small sips frequently or use a syringe for babies. You can also use a spoon to encourage drinking.

Now, you know how to make and use ORS effectively at home. Keep this knowledge handy—it could save a life!

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not be taken as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional if you have any concerns.